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River Flooding
What Is River Flooding?
Flood Outlooks, Warnings, and River Statements
River Flooding Safety Rules
What Is River Flooding?
River flooding is a natural and inevitable part of life. Unlike flash
flooding, which occurs within 6 hours of the rain event, river flooding
is a longer-term event that may last a week or more. Some flooding
occurs seasonally; such as in cooler climates where the melting snow
in the spring combined with rains cause rivers to rise out of their
banks. Due to the longevity of river flooding, it is imperative that
persons living near rivers be prepared for the possibility of long-term
flooding and its impact on their lives.
River flooding occurs in all parts of the United States from isolated
rural areas to heavily populated urban areas. The National Weather
Service has established flood stages at strategic points on all major
rivers and creeks. River gauges at these points help National Weather
Service hydrologists and meteorologists monitor the water levels. Data
from the river gauges are also used in forecast models run by the various
river forecast centers to forecast the river stage and stream flow
for warning purposes.
Flood Outlooks, Warnings, and River Statements
If the meteorological conditions indicate that a significant heavy
precipitation event may occur, that would either cause flooding or
aggravate flooding in the 36 hour to 72 hour time frame, the National
Weather Service will issue a “Flood Potential Outlook” giving
specific information on what can be expected.
When river flooding is imminent or already occurring, the National
Weather Service will issue a “Flood Warning.” These are issued
for specific locations along a river and contain information on the
expected crest height, the duration of the flooding, when waters are
expected to recede, and call to action statements giving the public
specific information of what actions need to be taken. While a “Flood
Warning” is in effect, “Flood Statements” will periodically
be issued to update and expand the information in a “Flood Warning.”
If a river is expected to rise significantly, but flooding is not
expected, a “River Statement” will be issued containing information
such as expected crest height and its time of occurrence. Updated information
regarding river flooding is broadcast on NOAA Weather Radio. Other
sources to obtain the latest information can be had by listening to
local radio and television stations, or your cable television channels.
River Flooding Safety Rules
It is important that everyone is prepared for the possibility of
flooding, especially those that live near rivers. Prior to any flooding
you should know the ways to protect life and property including:
Know your flood risk and elevation above flood stage.
- Keep your automobile fueled. If electric power is cut off, gas
stations may not be able to operate gas pumps for several days.
- Store drinking water in bathtubs and in various containers, as
water service may be interrupted.
- Pre-packaged drinking water is an excellent source during disasters.
- Keep a stock of food that requires little cooking and no refrigeration.
- Keep first aid supplies on hand.
- Keep NOAA Weather Radio, a battery powered portable radio, emergency
cooking equipment, and flashlights in working order.
- Install check-valves in building sewer traps to prevent floodwater
from backing up into the drains in your home.
During a River Flood:
- If you come upon a flowing stream where the water is above your
ankles, stop, turn around and go the other way.
- Do not attempt to drive over a flooded road. The depth of water
is not always obvious. The roadbed may be washed out under the water
and you could be stranded or trapped.
- Children should never play around high water, storm drains, or
viaducts.
- Obey all evacuation orders.
After the Flood:
- If fresh food has come in contact with floodwaters, throw it out.
- Boil drinking water before using, unless it is in sterilized packages.
If in doubt, call the local public health authority.
- Do not visit disaster areas. Your presence may hamper rescue and
other emergency operations.
- Electrical equipment should be checked and dried before being returned
to service.
- Use flashlights, and not lanterns, torches or matches to examine
buildings. Flammables may be inside.
- Report broken utility lines immediately to appropriate authorities.
For your continued protection, preparation is the best defense. Incorporate
the safety rules for river flooding in your family disaster plan. Always
keep up to date on the latest information by tuning to NOAA Weather
Radio, your local radio or television station, or your local cable
station.
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